“Compose a piece which reflects the slow movement in a sonata, symphony or string quartet, based on a melody and variations. The piece should include at least two variations on the original melody. The piece will be performed in an informal concert at a school as part of a welcome for European exchange students.”
Dylai'r alaw fod yn ganadwy, ac wedi ei chynllunio'n ofalus. Yn yr amrywiadau, dylai amlinelliad yr alaw fod yn glir. Mae cyfle ardderchog i gyfansoddwyr ddangos technegau datblygu alawon yma.
Dyma amrywiaeth o ddarnau sy'n cynnwys y math hwn o adeiledd. Mae'r enghraifft gyntaf yn y rhestr ganlynol yn hynod o syml ond mae'n lle arddechog i ddechrau:
Ar gyfer unawdydd:
(Ydych chi'n adnabod yr alaw?)
Ar gyfer unawdydd ffliwt a chyfeilliant piano:
Ar gyfer pedwarawd llinynnol:
Ar gyfer pumawd piano:
Ar gyfer cerddorfa linynnol:
(Sylwch ar harmonïau gwahanol Arensky.)
Ewch yn ôl i'r enghraifft gyntaf eto. Er ei bod yn or-syml, efallai, dyma rai syniadau i chi wrth amrywio:
| Variation | Notes |
|---|---|
| 1 | semi quaver run, turning around the original note |
| 2 | melody in chords, accompaniment in broken chords, Alberti bass |
| 3 | melody in triplets and in arpeggio style, chord accompaniment |
| 4 | accompaniment now in triplets and in arpeggio style, melody in chords – inverted order |
| 5 | a lighter texture, the melody more broken, question and answer |
| 6 | melody, chords, middle section using half tones, runs in the accompaniment |
| 7 | melody using scales, 8ths and chords heard in the accompaniment |
| 8 | TONIC minor version, different touch and staccato notes in the melody |
| 9 | simplified melody creating a lighter texture |
| 10 | Alberti bass in the melody, a fewn pedal notes in the accompaniment |
| 11 | melody in dot rhythms, a more melodic feel, repetition between the two hands |
| 12 | ‘polka’ style with a series of appoggiaturas to create variation in the melody |